In 20, he developed new techniques in the analysis of Ricci flow, thereby providing a detailed sketch of a proof of the Poincaré conjecture and Thurston's geometrization conjecture, the former of which had been a famous open problem in mathematics for the past century. In 1994, he proved the soul conjecture in Riemannian geometry, which had been an open problem for the previous 20 years. In the 1990s, partly in collaboration with Yuri Burago, Mikhael Gromov, and Anton Petrunin, he made influential contributions to the study of Alexandrov spaces. Grigori Yakovlevich Perelman (Russian: Григорий Яковлевич Перельман, IPA: ( listen) born 13 June 1966) is a Russian mathematician who is known for his contributions to the fields of geometric analysis, Riemannian geometry, and geometric topology.
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